The operative word on that chart is “pre-tax“. In the United States for example, things get less unequal after everyone pays their taxes. In Latin America, where I lived and worked, the tax collection structure is far less effective and efficient than the United States IRS. PS to those who think the rich don’t pay enough taxes in the US, look it up. PPS to those wondering if I just used “efficient““ IRS“ in the same sentence, I did, but everything is relative.