Human_Anybody7743

Human_Anybody7743 t1_j0gaplk wrote

None whatsoever. The amount of material that a large (multi GW) fusion generator can fuse is on the order of a few to a few dozen kilograms a year.

Initial designs will need substantially more lithium than their fuel quantity because this is the source of tritium to run them (Lithium 7 + neutron -> He4 + H3 + neutron). There needs to be many tonnes so a neutron always hits some lithium, but the quantity is fairly insignificant given the scales involved.

To give a vague idea of the scales involved, fusing a couple hundred thousand tonnes of D + T would raise the temperature of the entire ocean by few degrees. The surface would essentially be a firestorm.

Sodium ion, zinc bromide, iron, or aluminium batteries are probably the answer to your query in decreasing order of maturity (Sodium ion is under mass production now and will be in some small chinese cars next year).

AlS or LiS batteries are the most exciting because the sulfur has multiple oxidation states giving them high enough energy density for applications like shipping or even short haul mass passenger flight. They're also the hardest because they desperately want to be something other than a charged LiS or AlS battery and have extremely high energy density and lots of options for doing so because Sulfur has multiple oxidation states. AlS has been used for multi day solar unmanned flights.

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Human_Anybody7743 t1_izbcsig wrote

Wind is marginally cheaper when capacity weighted.

Fossil fuel gas is still cheaper in some areas and coal costs less up front (but not after running it for a couple of years). These margins are rapidly shrinking though.

The overriding biggest advantage of renewables is stability, predictability and security. Sunlight doesn't suddenly jump to $1000/MWh or develop corrosion issues that take all winter to fix.

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Human_Anybody7743 t1_iy2sb4q wrote

Solar and wind finally managed to get a few of the coins that fell behind the couch cushion in about 2008. They took it and ran. Now it's starting to look questionable as to whether just running a steam turbine is going to stay competitive even if the heat source were free.

What we need subsidies for now is electrolysers and batteries made of abundant materials as well as manufacturing in more than a couple of countries.

If you have a billion or three left over after the current run at fusion fails it'll probably be enough to get tidal off the ground too.

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