A brief intro using regular expressions, giving you the general idea:

https://www.nzini.com/lessons/NLP2+-+Template+Matching.html

Also, classically, look for the "Message Understanding Conferences" and "Information Extraction" & "Named Entity Recognition" as a task.

It gets really tricky if the information is "implied": John bought flowers for Lucy —> "Does John like Lucy?": evidently yes, but nobody SAYS that. Good luck! 😊