Think about it like a cut/scab. You have the cut and and the scab (takes a few days to a week to form) Then you keep banging/scraping etc to the scab and you keep re-opening the wound until you can avoid removing the scab long enough for it to heal completely..

Bronchospasms caused by Repetitive coughing during the virus create a vicious cycle of irritation-cough-irritation- cough more… and so on