Petrol engine - air and fuel is already mixed, compressed, and then ignited with a spark.
Diesel engine - these aren't premixed, the engine has to take the air in, compress it, and at around the time the spark would ignite, that is when a diesel has to get in all the fuel it needs.
The faster an engine turns, the shorter that window too, so you tend to reach a point where there's not enough time to squirt enough fuel in and let it burn.
Modern diesels all tend to be common rail high pressure injection, usually around 1600-2000 bar. Having that sort of pressure means you can get a lot of fuel in quickly, but it still is a struggle.
I would guess the Audi LeMans diesel GT car would run at pretty high pressures, and also since it has a lot more cylinders, it doesn't need a massive bucketload in each one.

Gas turbines constantly add fuel and air, so it doesn't have the limitation of a small window to do everything.