All true - but in all fairness, the EU has introduced rules regarding roaming, so as long as your home carrier is in the EU, the entire union is free to roam in. Same as you’d be in your home nation. One reason international usage skyrocketed after this came into play. Some carriers even extend this into the US.

https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/internet-telecoms/mobile-roaming-costs/indexamp_en.htm