That depends on how advanced we can make those robots, even the most advanced robots today are very clunky, and this base could be built within a decade.

Look at Mars rovers, it takes them months to do what a human could do in 20 minutes with a shovel and a microscope.

Plus there's the fact that if we can mantain a crewed base on the Moon we would gain invaluable experience on just how to mantain people in other worlds. Mars itself isnt fit for practice given that its a 9 month trip with current tech.

The ISS could have also been a crew less station, and yet we put people there to not just make everything way smoother than machines can do, but also to learn about the effect space has on the human body.

Also, this is specifically go to nearby planets. Launching from the Moon would make a Mars landing far more feasible since you are going to need the rocket itself to leave Mars, plus help shorten a trip thats already uncomfortably long.

The outer Solar system is going to requiere newer tech, but launching from the Moon will help.