winter, is characteristic of some (but importantly not all) locations. For example, [Ruschy et al., 1991](https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/4/12/1520-0442_1991_004_1211_svidtr_2_0_co_2.xml) found similar patterns in portions of Minnesota and attributed these to tradeoffs between cloud cover, solar ... radiation intensity, and albedo (from snow) throughout the year. [Schwartz, 1996](https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/9/4/1520-0442_1996_009_0803_etsdid_2_0_co_2.xml) found a similar pattern over much of the northeastern US, but added a variety of other possible controls (e.g., seasonal humidity ... different patters in DTR (and subsequent work has proposed even more, e.g., [Durre & Wallace, 2001a](https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/14/3/1520-0442_2001_014_0354_twsdid_2.0.co_2.xml), [Dai et al., 1999](https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/12/8/1520-0442_1999_012_2451_eocsmp_2.0.co_2.xml), [Portmann et al., 2009](https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0808533106)).

talking about this and sharing the same articles saying the same thing for over 20 years? [https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/17/13/1520-0442\_2004\_017\_2626\_citpop\_2.0.co\_2.xml](https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/17/13/1520-0442_2004_017_2626_citpop_2.0.co_2.xml) This study looks at snow accumulation

result in a time-mean vertical transport. Eddies in the Southern Ocean actually [counteract Ekman suction](https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/phoc/43/3/jpo-d-12-095.1.xml) but I'm not sure on what basis you're arguing that eddies are responsible

www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.abg4044)) and short (e.g., [Donat et al., 2013](https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/joc.3707), [Barlow et al., 2016](https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/29/23/jcli-d-13-00692.1.xml)) time scales. The general point is summed up nicely by the title of the Kaniewski