AquaSlothNC
AquaSlothNC t1_j6exaet wrote
Reply to comment by The-fire-guy in Why can an adult’s GI tract expel C. botulinum spores while an infant can’t? by curiousnboredd
The bacterium can germinate in a beneficial environment with good growth conditions. If it germinates out of the spore in the stomach it may be able pass to the intestines (unclear). Or it may remain dormant and become active past the stomach.
Per the CDC -"Adult intestinal toxemia (also known as adult intestinal colonization) botulism is a very rare kind of botulism that can happen if the spores of the bacteria get into an adult’s intestines, grow, and produce the toxin (similar to infant botulism). Although we don’t know why people get this kind of botulism, people who have serious health conditions that affect the gut may be more likely to get sick."
I was trying to provide info of the bacteria in general as it pertains to infants and their digestive system and what pH conditions it can/cant grow in, so I thought it was helpful to look at the pH environment of the stomach too. Since we don't know exactly how adults get intestinal botulism I threw it in as additional info. Also, a lot of people don't know about botulinum spores and how pH plays a role so I thought I'd share.
AquaSlothNC t1_j6etvjb wrote
Reply to comment by Halcyon_Rein in Why can an adult’s GI tract expel C. botulinum spores while an infant can’t? by curiousnboredd
Hi! So when Clostridium botulinum is in a harsh (example: acidic) environment it goes dormant and forms a spore to protect itself (sporulation). It will stay dormant in its spore-form until the surrounding environment is optimal for it to survive, become active (germinate), grow, and produce the neurotoxic protein. A Clostridium botulinum spore refers to the dormant state of the bacterium. Germination is when it comes out of dormancy and is not longer in its protective spore. Bacillus and Clostridium are two common spore forming bacteria. Hope that answered your question!
AquaSlothNC t1_j69o0fi wrote
Reply to comment by Mammoth-Corner in Why can an adult’s GI tract expel C. botulinum spores while an infant can’t? by curiousnboredd
In addition to this comment, pH also plays a very important factor in botulism sporulating in the stomach. The pH of an infants stomach acid is not low enough to prevent botulism from germinating (come out of spore-form). I believe the magic number is 4.6 if memory serves from classes in college. Under that acidity, the conditions are too acidic for clostridium botulinum to germinate and release its toxin. Newborns have not yet developed the gastrointestinal pH that older humans have to prevent this. I looked it up and adults are around 1.5-2.0. So too acidic for botulism to do it’s dirty work.
Edit: Sentence structure. Fixed for clarity. Edit 2: found the pH of adult stomach acid.
AquaSlothNC t1_j6f4sms wrote
Reply to comment by The-fire-guy in Why can an adult’s GI tract expel C. botulinum spores while an infant can’t? by curiousnboredd
No not at all! I appreciate the catch and you're totally right. I used the wrong term and had meant germination, not sporulation. Its been awhile since i've had to think about this lifecycle. Sorry about that! I've corrected my previous posts and used 'germinate' where applicable.