>I'm willing to take that chance for future generations

All of recorded human history would not cover 1/10 of the time this journey would take. Being optimistic, I would hope that whatever we send today would be considered beyond an ancient, obsolete relic before it arrived at a black hole.

Additionally, the speed of this probe is actually the easiest problem. Then it has to be constructed to endure the massive gravity that will tear it apart on a molecular level. Then, we have to figure out how to transmit any data back from something that doesn't let light escape.

It depends on the species. Most ord-weavers though don't use sticky webbing. It'll adhere to a surface and dry quickly, but the insect will become entangled because it blunders into the net as opposed to the spider carefully climbing through it. The spider then has to wrap a fresh cocoon before its meal escapes.