For QGIS Ido a few things:

1. georeference the original map 2 . Transform the DEM to 16 bit (raster — convert format — 16 bit) make sure in the command line arguments to type “-scale x y 0 65535) where x and y are the min and max of the raster that you can find by double clicking it in the side bar

Then set export to png

Lots of stuff comes to mind :) One of the most useful to me was using the elevatr package (https://github.com/jhollist/elevatr) in R to get much more high-quality terrain data using the code below:

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library(elevatr)

memory.limit(size = 10e10)

topo_map <- raster::brick("name of georeferenced file.tif") topo_map <- raster::stack(topo_map)

elevation <- get_elev_raster(topo_map, z = 13, override_size_check = TRUE) elevation <- raster::crop(elevation, extent(topo_map))

writeRaster(elevation, "output name for file.tif")

Z will be the quality 1-15

Watch videos on QGIS on how to georeference (sometimes I will just do a rough outline to get the general area covered), and also how to import this file into QGIS and transform it to 8 or 16 bit so it is usable in blender

Unsure of Sketchup and Lumion, but at least for blender, I got my start by using the tutorial linked:

https://wesleybarrgis.wordpress.com/2020/05/19/how-to-make-a-3d-map-in-blender/

If you want to create your own custom landscape WorldCreator is also amazing:

https://www.world-creator.com/

In blender, you can also create a pretty realistic landscape using noise textures or geometry nodes. There are plenty of good tutorials, or I just made a pretty complex one that I put on Blender Market that is fully procedural and customizable:

https://www.blendermarket.com/products/geometry-nodes-fully-procedural-landscape-

Yes, different colors are different rock types! Here is the legend for this map:

https://imgur.com/a/Hfpt6iq

Elevation data was pulled from OpenTopography, and map was visualized in Blender and QGIS