ShadowEllipse

ShadowEllipse t1_j4ugvce wrote

The structure of muscles are the same but you have more amounts of it on men, although ofc testosterone is super potent on muscle buildup so unless women get huge amounts of this, they can't build as much muscle as a man. Testosterone is produced in a small amounts in women but not that much.

TLDR: Built different.

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ShadowEllipse t1_izomgh2 wrote

One technique used is immunoassay. We can use like an antibody or antigen that is highly selective in binding to the required hormone or peptide. This can be a radioactive isotope or a fluorescent one. We have particle counting technology which uses scattered laser light is used to count the particles present in a given area.

I don't really specialise in biochemistry since I'm just a medstudent so take it with a grain of salt because there might be a few errors.

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ShadowEllipse t1_ix9i3ae wrote

I'm embarrassed to not know this properly considering that I'm a medical student in their fifth year but tolerate me for a sec. We have two main things that can cause your cramps. It can either be preformed toxins which are seen in spoilt food and responsible for food poisoning, or it can due to viruses and bacteria which may have certain enzymes or proteins that causes Chloride channels in the lining of the G.I. tract, I believe it's the intestine (I think) and I believe there's reduced reabsorption of water.(Usually water you ingest is reabsorbed in the small intestines along with other nutrients and minerals) Generally people confuse food poisoning and stomach flu but there's a lot of differences like food poisoning lasting very briefly and being caused by pre formed toxins while stomach flu being caused by pathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi etc.

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