Centripetal force can only be felt by a point inside the rotating body as well. That point obviously has an acceleration because the directional component of its velocity is changing constantly. The rotating object as a whole is not accelerating and therefore requires no net force. There are a lot of forces that hold an object together, but those forces do no cause an acceleration on that object and therefore cause no force to act on the object itself as a whole.

I believe the net centripetal force (toward the center) is balanced out by the net centrifugal force (toward the outside/perimeter). Therefore there is zero net force and zero net acceleration on an object rotating at constant angular velocity.

A force does not need to be applied to keep an object spinning in space (think planets and moons). It is valid to say that an object that is rotating will remain in rotation unless acted upon by an outside force (conservation of angular momentum).

What I'm referring to is Coulomb's law, so technically I was wrong. It is the electrostatic force between 2 charged bodies that decreases with the square of the distance.

I may be wrong about this, but I would argue that if you could measure it with a voltmeter, the electrostatic force would be the same as the voltage in a practical sense. Granted, Coulomb's law isn't the best model for this situation since earth is not a single point, and you can't just stick a voltmeter in it. But I think my logic still applies.