Thank you for clarifying. Yes it is ill-advised to snort dust of any particular color or make. If drilling through lead paint, fiberglass, asbestos, or even a live electrical line for a light switch is concerning to you, then I recommend you keep the dyi to the professionals.

If I wanted to heed every 'known to cause cancer in the state of California' I would live forever.

Is it plaster over wood? Typically here in Missouri, everything was plaster with a fibrous material mixed in like 100years ago and before. A threaded rod all the way through, with some sort of backing plate ie like a shelf would do the trick. Another idea is cable attached to the ceiling, depending on your pot hanger.

Oh and be careful if it has fiber mixed into it because there's a decent chance it could be asbestos. And don't worry, unless it's falling apart, inhaling the dust or eating it is the extent of the danger of having it in your home