> No, moving charge doesn’t have kinetic energy because it has no mass.

I dont think there is a charge that has no mass. Light is not considered having a charge, protons and electrons are, and those have mass. Maybe I should have said 'charged particle' but it should be synonymous. Your link unfortunately does not answer the question.

> In other words, different wavelengths of light have different energies.

Is that only because shorter wavelengths lead to more oscillations per time, thus more kinetic energy in the affected charge? Or is there another reason for higher frequency light containing more energy?

For some reason objects remember their state of motion. This is what Newton's first law says. We do not know why this is the case, just that it is. It is an unsolved puzzle. So either accept it or solve it.

It is possible that what seems random to you actually has a pattern. There are several factors contributing to the level of thirst. Let's first exclude physical expenditure (sweating), because that would be too obvious. And let's just assume that we didnt actually go without water for a long time.

The things going on in your digestive tract are far less obvious than other losses of water. You need to know one fact about the body: anything that is inside your digestive tract is basically outside of your body. So once there is a lot of secretion of digestive fluids this counts as loss of fluids from the body to the outside world. So then you can suddenly feel like you have lost a lot of water when it is actually still inside you. And then another curious thing can happen, once the food has reached the end of the digestive tract most of that water gets re-absorbed, and then you suddenly have to pee and you wonder why, because you didnt actually drink that much.

edit: or Diabetes. I guess this needs to be mentioned given the prevalence. Thirst that does not go away with drinking should be taken seriously, it is not normal.

One thing to add to the other answers: The color-receptors (cones) and the black/white-receptors (rods) do not have the same sensitivity towards light. The rods are much more sensitive and they are basically what we rely on in the dark. That is why in sufficient darkness there are no colors for you to see. They are there, but your receptors do not see them.

edit: wording