tiffCAKE

tiffCAKE t1_jbhx6vl wrote

I’m a forensic dna analyst and I unfortunately can’t answer your direct question but I can offer some insight on some things you’ve mentioned or other commenters have mentioned.

Haploid and diploid: our fully developed human cells are diploid—we reproduce sexually. We have 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46. This is our diploid number. One “partner” of each pair originated from our bio “mom” (egg donor) and the other from our bio “dad” (sperm donor). Our sex cells or gametes (sperm or eggs) are haploid. They contain just ONE partner from each pair. Our diploid number is 23. Each egg or sperm is completely random whether it has the partner chromosome we inherited from our mom or dad, for EACH pair (if I am the egg source, my egg could have all the partners that originated from my mom or all the partners from my dad or any combination of partners from mom vs dad—but just one partner of each pair, for a haploid total of 23 chromosomes). My haploid egg is then fertilized by a haploid sperm also containing one partner of each chromosome pair inherited from its bio parents, randomly). This is why we share half our dna with each of our parents but may share no dna or all of our dna with our full siblings—random sorting of diploid chromosomes into haploid sex cells randomly combining during fertilization to make a new combo of diploid cells :)

There are some human genetic conditions where we sometimes end up with an extra partner or missing a partner in a chromosome pair, giving an odd number of total chromosomes. This usually occurs when the pairs are being copied and divided to produce eggs or sperm by our bio parents. Trisomy 21 (downe syndrome) is an example most people have heard about—an extra copy of chromosome 21 is inherited from one of bio parents. This can also happen with the X and Y chromosome (one copy of X is Turner syndrome, two copies of X with Y is klinefelter syndrome, whereas typically we inherent either two x or one x and one y).

Sorry for the book. Hope it helps. Always glad to help :)

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