Happy to help! My husband and I are theology geeks, haha

Everyone keeps saying King James Version, but I’ll say New King James, because it’ll be the easiest to read and the closest to the original versions your literary sources used. I’m going to go out on a limb here and say what you really need is a Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance. They have them for KJV, NKJV, and a few other translations. When you run across a quotation, you can look the keywords up in the concordance and it’ll show you every instance of the word and the sentence in which it appears. Then you can look it up in the Bible and read the passage. Pretty sure you can use Strong’s online, but I always recommend having reference materials as a hard copy.