The government already knows your name (you legally have to provide one at birth.) They also know your address because you provide one if you own the house, if you don't there are numerous systems that require you to provide a mailing address, and Washington state IDs require one. They also already know your phone number if it's a landline or can get it from the mobile company at the drop of a hat if it's a cell phone.

So really of the things you mentioned. The phone number is maybe the only thing that the government doesn't have direct access to. Maybe they don't have your address if you've avoided filling out government forms like taxes but likely you are just breaking the law at that point.