I’m a former aviation meteorologist, and icing was my first thought. It would cause a nose-up AOA and eventual stall. Looking at the obs, there was a ceiling at 060 with light snow. Temps at the surface hovering around freezing. You can get a fast accumulation of clear ice in those conditions. You can also get induction freezing in the engines when they are revved up for climbing.

Combine a frozen engine, clear ice, and a sudden stall and spin, and it wouldn’t take much for something to break off.