Gotta measure time with a sundial

You mean Midnight ?

I can't remember if this documentary covers everything you're asking about, but the "Wonders Of..." by Dr Brian Cox are really informative.

Otherwise an oldie --but always a classic-- 13-part Doc series by Dr Carl Sagan "Cosmos". Some topics are a little outdated (or much more commonly known today, as opposed to the 80s, when this thing came out), but it's really about the passionate and coherent way Sagan talks about stuff that's pure gold.

If I may also recommend a film that doesn't go into any of what you're asking about, but is simply mesmerizing to watch "For All Mankind" by Al Reinert. It's a film/doc hybrid collage of all the Apollo Missions that makes one continuous Earth-Moon round trip.

You can always check online on TopDocumentaryFilms for some more recent stuff you can stream for free !