This place is a schist hole.

There’s water in the picture. You just need to pump it out faster than it leaks in.

That first one is sus; just based on the title.

Nothing, but isn’t that the intent? Does it matter if it’s Amazon or usps or FedEx, as long as the turnover is high?

Set loading/unloading times for loading zones? Scan the registration for cars and pass through every 30 (or whatever) minutes?

Surprise, it’s a dose ranging study. You’ll be hit with increasingly larger hammers until you sustain a concussion.

Me signing up for study: please put me in the control group… please put me in the control group

This is a very exact science called pharmacokinetics. But we need some pretty exact info, like time of the last dose and rough dosing history before that. For most marketed drugs we’ll have a population pharmacokinetic model that we could use to give a prediction interval around a likely concentration for a given dose, or to estimate the most likely dose given an observed concentration.

I went skiing in CT. Spring conditions in January.

Central Park got blanketed. We took the kids sledding there. It was amazing.

Well, like NY wine.

You don’t have to design the trial that way to assess if vitamin supplements improve the treatment outcome. You would just have 2 treatment arms: standard of care (SOC) and vitamins + SOC. This is how many cancer trials are set up. You could also have a vitamin only arm since untreated ADHD isn’t a death sentence. You don’t learn if vitamin insufficiency causes ADHD, but you can at least learn if it treats it.

There’s a big problem with your proposal for discovering if vitamin deficiencies cause ADHD, though. Even if you show a causal link, it doesn’t mean that’s the only cause, or even the proximal cause, of ADHD. For instance, you might establish that a lack of cobalt in the diet is linked to ADHD symptoms, but then find that in the ADHD patient population that cobalt deficiency is not detected. What’s going on? Likely, cobalt deficiency is an upstream trigger for a common pathway to ADHD symptoms that also has multiple other endogenous and exogenous triggers. So, not only does a trial design like your example put the participants at very high risk for poor health outcomes, it also likely leads to no actionable results. This is what the IRB is going to cite when rejecting the proposal. (NB: cobalt relationship with ADHD is just a placeholder example, not a hypothesis or statement of fact).

We shouldn’t rest until it’s hard to be a trump anywhere.

What’s the max out of pocket for each? I have a similar setup and if I were to max out the PPO costs me 7K more per year.

Nicer weather than…. ND… oh, makes sense.

What other shape would one expect? Every gas molecule is pulling on every other gas molecule through gravity. All the molecules are attracted to one another. A sphere is the shape that minimizes the distance between all the particles.

There have been animal studies and epidemiological studies. No one is going to design a trial to expose humans to known carcinogens. So, as you point out, the exact risk increase with exposure is unknown. Some info specifically about dietary exposure

Iranian Police beat child to death for protesting against the Iranian police beating children to death.